Identifying Factors of Stigma Among Patients with Confirmed Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) in Indonesia

Alamsyah Agus, Alfrojems Alfrojems, Jaka Ramdani, Delfania Matasik, Ida Ayu Gde Pradnyawidari Dharmika

Abstract

Latar Belakang. Pandemi COVID-19 telah muncul sebagai bencana dan menjadi krisis kesehatan global bagi umat manusia. Pandemi tidak hanya dihantui oleh tragedi dengan angka kematian nasional sekitar 5% penderita, tetapi juga distigmatisasi oleh masyarakat.Tujuan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji faktor stigma terkait pandemi COVID-19 dan dampaknya pada pasien konfirmasi COVID-19 di Indonesia.Metode. Studi kasus ini dilakukan pada tahun 2020 dengan mengumpulkan informasi dari sumber primer yang meliputi wawancara secara virtual dengan 4 penyintas COVID-19 di Indonesia.Hasil. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor stigma terdiri dari tiga faktor yaitu penyakit masih baru dan banyak informasi yang belum diketahui; kita sering takut akan hal yang tidak diketahui; dan ketakutan akan hal yang tidak diketahui dapat dengan mudah dikaitkan dengan 'orang lain'.Kesimpulan. Pada awal pandemi COVID-19, masyarakat di Indonesia belum memahami secara jelas tentang wabah COVID-19, termasuk penularannya, penanganannya, dan cara pencegahannya. Kesalahpahaman ini dapat menyebabkan stigmatisasi dan kemungkinan memperpanjang pandemi dan lamanya pembatasan sosial berskala besar.     ABSTRACT     Background. The COVID-19 pandemic has emerged as a disaster and is a global health crisis for human beings. The pandemic is not only haunted by tragedies of national fatality rate was about 5% of the sufferers, but also stigmatized by the community.Aim. This study aims to assess the factors of the stigma associated with the COVID-19 pandemic and its impact among patients with confirmed COVID-19 in Indonesia.Method. This case study was conducted in 2020 by collecting information from primary sources that include interviews virtually with 4 COVID-19 survivors in Indonesia.   Result. The result of this study shows that factors of stigma consist of three factors which consist of the disease is new and much information remains unknown; we are often afraid of the unknown; and the fear of the unknown can easily be associated with ‘others’.Conclusion. In the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, people in Indonesia did not clearly understand the COVID-19 epidemic, including its transmission, management, and how to avoid it. This misunderstanding can lead to stigmatization and possibly extend the pandemic and the length of large-scale social restrictions.

Keywords

Stigma, COVID-19, COVID-19 Survivors

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References

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