Literasi Kesehatan Mental Orang Dewasa dan Penggunaan Pelayanan Kesehatan Mental

Trisni Handayani, Dian Ayubi, Dien Anshari

Abstract

ABSTRAK Latar belakang. Prevalensi penduduk Indonesia yang menderita gangguan mental emosional mengalami peningkatan, dimana prevalensi sebesar 6% pada tahun 2013 meningkat menjadi 9,8% pada tahun 2018. Pelayanan kesehatan jiwa bagi setiap orang dengan masalah kejiwaan (ODMK) belum diwujudkan secara optimal di wilayah Kecamatan Bogor Timur. Masih sedikit ODMK yang memanfaatkan pelayanan kesehatan jiwaTujuan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan literasi kesehatan mental dengan pemanfaatan pelayanan kesehatan jiwa.Metode. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross-sectional dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Responden adalah orang dengan masalah kejiwaan yang bertempat tinggal di Kecamatan Bogor Timur. Teknik multistage random sampling digunakan untuk memilih 139 responden. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara menggunakan kuesioner. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji regresi logistik ganda.Hasil. Nilai rerata literasi kesehatan mental sebesar 73,08 (skala 100). Sebanyak 56,1% ODMK telah memanfaatkan pelayanan kesehatan jiwa dan 57,6% responden berumur ≥30 tahun. Pada mereka yang mempunyai literasi kesehatan mental tinggi, sebanyak 64,9% telah memanfaatkan pelayanan kesehatan jiwa. Hasil analisis multivariat menunjukkan hubungan signifikan antara literasi kesehatan mental dengan perilaku pemanfaatan pelayanan kesehatan jiwa pada ODMK setelah variabel jenis kelamin dan ketersediaan pelayanan kesehatan jiwa dikendalikan.Kesimpulan. Orang dengan literasi kesehatan mental yang tinggi cenderung memanfaatkan pelayanan kesehatan jiwa dibanding dengan mereka dengan literasi rendah.  ABSTRACTBackground. In Indonesia, prevalence of emotional mental disorder has increased from 6% in 2013 to 9.8% in 2018. Mental health service has not optimally utilized by people with mental health problems in East Bogor sub-district. Objective. This study aimed to determine the relationship of mental health literacy with mental health service use. Method. This study used a cross sectional design with a quantitative approach. Respondents were people with mental health problems who lived in East Bogor Sub-District. A total of 139 respondents were selected using multistage random sampling technique. Data were collected by in-person interview using a questionnaire. Data were analysed using a multiple logistic regression test for multivariate model selection. Results. The results of this study showed that the mean score of mental health literacy was 73.08 (scale of 100). There were 56.1% respondents utilized mental health services. As many as 57.6% respondents aged ≥30 years. Among those who have high mental health literacy, 64.9% of them have utilized mental health services.  Results from multivariate analysis showed that there was a significant relationship between mental health literacy and the use of mental health service in people with mental health problems, after adjustment with gender and mental health service availability.Conclusion. People with high mental health literacy tended to use mental health services compared to those with low literacy.

Keywords

literasi kesehatan, kesehatan mental, pemanfaatan pelayanan kesehatan

References

Kohn R, Saxena S, Levav I, Saraceno B. The treatment gap in mental health care. 2004;(December).

Whiteford et al. Global Burden of Mental, Neurological, and Substance Use Disorders: An Analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010. Dis Control Priorities, Third Ed (Volume 4) Ment Neurol Subst Use Disord [Internet]. 2016;29–40. Available from: http://elibrary.worldbank.org/doi/10.1596/978-1-4648-0426-7_ch2

Kaplan. Study Guide And Self-Examination Review In Psychiatry. Lippincot Williams, editor. 2007.

Kemenkes RI. Potret Sehat Indonesia dari Riskesdas 2018 [Internet]. 2018. Available from: http://www.depkes.go.id/article/view/18110200003/potret-sehat-indonesia-dari-riskesdas-2018.html

Dinas Kesehatan Kota Bogor. Profil Kesehatan Kota Bogor tahun 2017. Kota Bogor: Dinkes Kota Bogor; 2018.

Surjaningrum ER. Gambaran Mental Health Literacy Kader Kesehatan. 2012;14(03):194–202.

Kelly CM, Jorm AF, Wright A. Improving mental health literacy as a strategy to facilitate early intervention for mental disorders. Med J Aust. 2007;187(7 Suppl):1–5.

Lee HY, Kathy L, Pa N yang, Terry L. Mental Health Literacy in Hmong and Cambodian Elderly Refugees: A Barrier to Understanding, Recognizing, and Responding to Depression. 2010;Vol 71(Issue 4).

Campos et al. Is It Possible to “Find Space for Mental Health” in Young People? Effectiveness of a School-Based Mental Health Literacy Promotion Program. Int J Environ Res Public Health [Internet]. 2018;15(7):1426. Available from: http://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/15/7/1426

Jorm AF. Mental health literacy; empowering the community to take action for better mental health. Am Psychol. 2011;67(3):231–43.

Vogel et al. Measuring the self-stigma associated with seeking psychological help. J Couns Psychol. 2006;53(3):325–37.

Jorm AF. Mental Health Literacy : Public Knowledge and beliefs about mental disorders. Br J psychiatry. 2000;396–401.

Andersson et al. Help-seeking behaviour, barriers to care and experiences of care among persons with depression in Eastern Cape, South Africa. J Affect Disord [Internet]. 2013;151(2):439–48. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2013.06.022

Umubyeyi et al. Help-seeking behaviours, barriers to care and self-efficacy for seeking mental health care: a population-based study in Rwanda. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2016;51(1):81–92.

Kutcher S, Wei Y, Coniglio C. Mental health literacy: Past, present, and future. Can J Psychiatry. 2016;61(3):154–8.

Lemoshow, Stanley. Adequacy of Sample Size in Health Studies. Canada: John Willey & Sons; 1990.

M. Beusenberg And J.Orley. A User’s Guide To The Self Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ). Geneva: WHO; 1994.

Hawari D. Manajemen Stres, Cemas, dan Depresi. Jakarta: Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia; 2001.

Notoatmodjo S. Promosi Kesehatan dan Ilmu Perilaku. Jakarta: Rineka Cipta; 2014.

Kutcher et al. Mental health literacy: Past, present, and future. Can J Psychiatry. 2016;61(3):154–8.

Notoatmodjo S. Promosi kesehatan dan ilmu perilaku. Rineka Cipta Jakarta. 2007;

Hariyanti NT, Wirapraja A. Pengaruh Influencer MARKETING Sebagai Strategi Pemasaran Digital Era Moderen (Sebuah Studi Literatur). 2018;15(1):133–46.

Novianty A, Rochman Hadjam MN. Literasi Kesehatan Mental dan Sikap Komunitas sebagai Prediktor Pencarian Pertolongan Formal. J Psikol [Internet]. 2017;44(1):50. Available from: https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/jpsi/article/view/22988

Kim et al. Mental health literacy as a mediator in use of mental health services among older Korean adults. Int Psychogeriatrics. 2017;29(2):269–79.

Ziller EC, Anderson NJ, Coburn AF. Access to Rural Mental Health Services: Service Use and Out-of-Pocket Costs. J Rural Heal. 2010;26(3):214–24.

Zarcadoolas C, Pleasant A, Greer DS. Understanding health literacy : An expanded model Understanding health literacy : an expanded model SUMMARY. 2005;(July).

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.47034/ppk.v2i1.3905

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.