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Vol 5, No 2 (2020)

Home > Vol 5, No 2 (2020) > Mukhlisa

Evaluasi Implementasi Jaminan Persalinan (Jampersal) di Indonesia

Mazda Novi Mukhlisa, Indra Yoga, Nana Tristiana, Rosa Estetika, Windi Haryani

Abstract


AbstrakJampersal merupakan salah satu bentuk dana transfer dari pusat ke daerah untuk membantu pelayanan kesehatan ibu dan anak.  Jampersal bertujuan meningkatkan akses pelayanan kesehatan bagi ibu hamil, bersalin, dan nifas, serta bayi baru lahir ke fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan yang kompeten. Tujuan studi untuk mengevaluasi pemanfaatan dana Jampersal dalam meningkatkan persalinan di fasilitas kesehatan.  Sumber data berasal dari Riskesdas 2018 dan data rutin dari Kementerian Kesehatan RI.  Metode yang digunakan yaitu kuantitatif dan kualitatif.  Data kuantitatif dianalisis melalui metode analisis penerima manfaat dan regresi linier, sedangkan data kualitatif menggunakan analisis isi.  Pendekatan kuantitatif dilakukan pada dua level, yaitu level individu (80.459 ibu hamil) dan kabupaten/kota (407 kabupaten/kota). Pendekatan kualitatif mengumpulkan informasi untuk memperkaya hasil kuantitatif.  Informan berasal dari delapan kabupaten/kota yang dipilih secara selektif, yaitu delapan kabupaten/kota di Indonesia.  Hasil analisis ini menunjukan bahwa Jampersal mengambil porsi sekitar 3,75% sebagai sumber pembiayaan persalinan.  Realisasi anggaran Jampersal mengalami peningkatan walaupun selalu kurang dari 80%, dan Jampersal banyak dimanfaatkan untuk belanja jasa.  Analisis penerima manfaat menunjukkan bahwa Jampersal banyak dimanfaatkan oleh ibu dengan kepala keluarga berpendidikan SD/MI. Analisis regresi menunjukkan bahwa setiap pertambahan rupiah realisasi Jampersal meningkatkan persalinan di fasilitas kesehatan, walaupun tidak signifikan secara statistik (coefficient 0,000726; robust SE 0,00370; p-value>0,1). AbstractJampersal as a transfer fund from central to district government is provided to support maternal and child health services aiming to increase access to health services for pregnant women, childbirth and postpartum mothers, also newborns to competent health facilities. This analysis aimed to evaluate the use of Jampersal in increasing institutional delivery using quantitative and qualitative approaches.  For the quantitative approach, this analysis used Riskesdas 2018 and routine data from the Ministry of Health.  The data was analyzed using benefit incidence analysis (BIA) and linear regression.  The quantitative approach was conducted at two levels, the individual level (80,459 pregnant women) and the district level (407 districts), whereas the qualitative approach was conducted in eight districts to enrich quantitative results.  Information was managed using content analysis.  Results indicated that Jampersal held 3.75% of the total funding of child delivery.  Jampersal spending tends to increase every year and is utilized mostly for services.  BIA showed that Jampersal is widely used by mothers whose heads of households are at the primary education level. Regression analysis showed that every rupiah spent in Jampersal increases institutional delivery, although it is not statistically significant (coefficient 0.000726; robust SE 0.00370; p-value> 0.1).

Keywords


Jampersal; persalinan di fasilitas kesehatan; analisis penerima manfaat. (Jampersal, institutional delivery, benefit incidence analysis)

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DOI: 10.7454/eki.v5i2.4902

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