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  2. Vol 6, No 2 (2022)
  3. Aqmarina

Analisis Kematian COVID-19 dengan Standardisasi Usia Berdasarkan Wilayah di Indonesia periode Maret 2020 – Mei 2021

Adistikah Aqmarina, Nurhayati Adnan, Endang Budi Hastuti

Abstract


Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) merupakan jenis penyakit menular baru yang sampai saat ini masih ditetapkan sebagai pandemi. Berbagai studi menyebutkan risiko kematian COVID-19 lebih tinggi pada kelompok lanjut usia terutama dengan riwayat penyakit penyerta. Ketersediaan rumah sakit dan laboratorium pemeriksa COVID-19 yang tidak adekuat juga dapat memberikan pengaruh terhadap tingginya angka kematian COVID-19. Studi ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan tingkat kematian COVID-19 di wilayah Indonesia dengan mengontrol variabel usia serta didukung dengan analisis ketersediaan rumah sakit dan laboratorium pemeriksa COVID-19. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi potong lintang (cross sectional) dengan data sekunder laporan COVID-19 nasional di Kementerian Kesehatan periode Maret 2020 – Mei 2021. Analisis dilakukan dengan metode standardisasi langsung terhadap variabel usia sehingga dihasilkan nilai Age Standardized Mortality Rate (ASMR). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kematian COVID-19 di Indonesia tertinggi yaitu pada kelompok lanjut usia (>65 tahun). Setelah dilakukan standardidasi, pulau Jawa (3,82 per 100 kasus) dan pulau Sumatera (3,76 per 100 kasus) menjadi wilayah dengan rate kematian tertinggi. Berdasarkan provinsi, rate kematian tertinggi yaitu provinsi Sumatera Selatan (6,14 per 100 kasus), Jawa Timur (5,93 per 100 kasus) dan Aceh (5,59 per 100 kasus). Ketersediaan rumah sakit berbanding terbalik dengan jumlah kematian COVID-19 yang dilaporkan. Sedangkan, ketersediaan laboratorium pemeriksa COVID-19 berbanding linier dengan jumlah kasus konfirmasi COVID-19 yang dilaporkan. Ketersediaan rumah sakit dan laboratorium pemeriksa COVID-19 harus didukung dengan sarana penunjang operasional. Penelitian ini menjadi penting terutama bagi pemerintah baik pusat maupun daerah untuk menentukan prioritas kelompok intervensi serta mendukung upaya percepatan penanggulangan pandemi COVID-19.

Keywords


COVID-19, kematian, usia, rumah sakit, laboratorium

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7454/epidkes.v6i2.6312

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