Frekuensi dan Mortalitas Pasien Sepsis dan Syok Septik di ICU Rumah Sakit Swasta Tipe B, di Tangerang Selatan

Abioso Wicaksono; Asri C. Adisasmita; Eddy Harijanto

doi:10.7454/epidkes.v6i1.6031

Frekuensi dan Mortalitas Pasien Sepsis dan Syok Septik di ICU Rumah Sakit Swasta Tipe B, di Tangerang Selatan

Abioso Wicaksono, Asri C. Adisasmita, Eddy Harijanto

Abstract

Syok septik, yang didefinisikan sebagai sepsis dengan abnormalitas pada system sirkulasi and selular atau metabolic, masih merupakan salah satu penyebab kematian di Intensive Care Unit (ICU) secara global (20%). Studi kros-seksional ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui frekuensi, faktor risiko syok septik dan mortalitas pada pasien sepsis yang dirawat di ICU di Indonesia. Sampel dikumpulkan dari RS tipe B di Tangerang Selatan, Banten tahun 2020. Data yang dikumpulkan terdiri dari tempat infeksi, komorbiditas: Diabetes Melitus (DM) II, hipertensi, penyakit paru obstruksi kronis dan penyakit ginjal Kronis, asal unit sebelum masuk ICU, Glasgow Coma Score (GCS), acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), lama rawat di ICU, syok septik dan mortalitas. Prevalens, frekuensi faktor risiko untuk syok septik dan kematian secara umum diantara pasien sepsis di ICU diukur dengan persentase, dan untuk perbedaan karakteristik diukur menggunakan chi-square untuk kemaknaannya. Terdapat 110 pasien di ICU dengan diagnosis sepsis di tahun 2020. Sumber infeksi tertinggi adalah pulmoner (39,1%) dan intra-abdominal (31,8%). Komorbiditas tersering pada pasien sepsis adalah hipertensi (53.6%), diikuti oleh DM (44.5%). Mayoritas lama rawat di ICU adalah melebihi 7 hari (67.3%). Risiko terjadinya syok sepsis tertinggi didapatkan pada para pengguna BPJS1.53 (95%CI, 0.83-2.82), pasien dengan gizi lebih: 1.59 (95%CI, 0.63-4.03), pasien alih rawat dari ruang rawat non-intensif: 2.28 (95%CI, 1.19-4.35), penyakit paru obstruksi kronis: 1.95 (95%CI, 0.55-6.90), dan penyakit urogenital kronis.: 1.93 (95%CI, 0.78-4.78) dibandingkan dengan referensnya masing-masing. Penelitian serupa di negara LMIC diperlukan untuk mendapatkan informasi mengenai beban riel karena sepsis dan syok septik secara regional.

Keywords

Sepsis, Syok Septik, ICU, Mortalitas

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7454/epidkes.v6i1.6031