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Efek ASI Eksklusif terhadap Stunting pada Anak Usia 6-59 bulan di Kabupaten Bogor tahun 2019

Hardya Gustada Hikmahrachim, Rinawati Rohsiswatmo, Sudarto Ronoatmodjo

Abstract


Stunting, atau perawakan pendek, berhubungan erat dengan hambatankemampuan kognitif dan kualitas hidup. Prevalensi stunting di Indonesiamencapai 30,8% tahun 2018. Stunting dipengaruhi pemenuhan nutrisi diawal kehidupan, salah satunya melalui ASI eksklusif. Meskipun cakupan ASIeksklusif di Indonesia sudah 74,5%, hubungan stunting dengan ASI eksklusifseringkali tidak konsisten akibat keberagaman kuantitas dan kualitas ASI.Penelitian ini ingin mengetahui efek ASI eksklusif terhadap stunting diKabupaten Bogor, sebagai salah satu daerah tinggi stunting di Indonesia.Penelitian dengan desain potong lintang ini dilaksanakan di PuskesmasKecamatan Ciampea, Kabupaten Bogor, pada Februari sampai April 2019.Kriteria inklusi adalah balita usia 6-59 bulan yang berkunjung ke poliklinik.Informasi pemberian ASI eksklusif diperoleh dari wawancara terstruktur,sementara stunting ditetapkan dengan antropometri terstandar. Dari 162balita, 117 (72,22%) mendapat ASI eksklusif dan 64 subjek (39,51%)mengalami stunting. Pada analisis multivariat, ditemukan interaksi padastrata usia ibu saat hamil > 30 tahun dan < 30 tahun, sehingga rasioprevalens (PR) ASI eksklusif terhadap kejadian stunting adalah 0,41 IK95%0,23-0,74 dan 1,74 IK95% 0,93-3,24; p Mantel-Haenszel < 0,001 secaraberturut-turut. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa ASI eksklusif dapatbersifat protektif terhadap stunting bila usia ibu saat hamil > 30 tahun.Selain meningkatkan cakupan, diperlukan upaya meningkatkan kualitasASI eksklusif untuk mengoptimalkan upaya pencegahan stunting

Keywords


exclusive breastfeeding, kabupaten bogor, maternal age at pregnancy, stunting

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7454/epidkes.v3i2.3425

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