Nurses’ Intention and Behavior in Reporting Adverse Event: Application of Theory of Planned Behavior

Abstract

Data show that globally the number of patient safety incident reporting remains low, also at Baptis Batu Hospital, East Java. This study aimed to determine the influence between attitude, subjective norm and perceived behavioral control (PBC) to the intention and to determine relation between PBC and intention toward nurses’behavior in reporting adverse event. This study used cross sectional approach and conducted at Baptis Batu Hospital from March 16th to March 31st, 2016. Data measurement was done using questionnaires that were distributed to 82 (of 85) nurses working at Baptis Batu Hospital. Data were analyzed using multiple linear regression and Spearman correlation. The results showed that attitude (B = 0.496; p value = 0.000) and PBC (B = 0.766; p = 0.037) significantly influenced the intention to report adverse events, while subjective norm (B = -0.087; p value = 0.540) did not influence the intention to report adverse events. There was no relation found between PBC (r = 0.037; p = 0.739) and intention (r = 0.031; p value = 0.783) to behavior of reporting adverse event. These findings indicated that nurses’ intention in reporting adverse event was influenced by attitude and PBC, not subjective norm. In contrast, intention and PBC did not relate to adverse event reporting behavior.AbstrakData menunjukkan bahwa secara global jumlah pelaporan insiden keselamatan pasien masih rendah, begitu juga di Rumah Sakit Baptis Batu, Jawa Timur. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh antara sikap, norma subjektif, dan perceived behavioral control (PBC) terhadap niat dan untuk menentukan hubungan antara PBC dan niat terhadap perilaku perawat dalam melaporkan kejadian tidak diharapkan (KTD). Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan potong lintang dan dilakukan di Rumah Sakit Baptis Batu pada tanggal 16-31 Maret 2016. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan kuesioner yang dibagikan kepada 82 (dari 85) perawat yang bekerja di Rumah Sakit Baptis Batu. Data dianalisis menggunakan regresi linier berganda dan korelasi Spearman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sikap (B = 0.496; nilai p = 0.000) dan PBC (B = 0.766; nilai p = 0.037) secara signifikan memengaruhi niat untuk melaporkan KTD, sedangkan norma subjektif (B= -0.087; nilai p = 0.540) tidak berpengaruh terhadap niat melaporkan KTD. Tidak terdapat hubungan antara PBC (r = 0.037; nilai p = 0.739) dan niat (r = 0.031; nilai p = 0.783) terhadap perilaku melaporkan KTD. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa niat perawat dalam melaporkan KTD dipengaruhi oleh sikap dan PBC, bukan norma subjektif. Sebaliknya, niat dan PBC tidak berhubungan dengan perilaku melaporkan KTD.